Abrasives are used for grinding, lapping and polishing tools

Abrasives are used for grinding, lapping and polishing tools. Most artificial abrasive grinding with abrasive plus binders made ​​from natural mineral rock is also useful for direct processing into natural abrasive. Abrasives except in machinery manufacturing and other metal cut off wheel  processing industries are widely used , but also for the processing of food processing, paper industry and ceramic , glass, stone, plastic , rubber, wood and other non-metallic materials. Abrasive during use , when the blunt abrasive , the abrasive agent itself or in conjunction with portions broken broken abrasive grains from the partial or complete loss of the working surface of the abrasive article and the emergence of new cutting edge , sharp or continuously exposing new abrasive grains within a certain time so that the abrasive cutting performance can be maintained . This self-sharpening abrasive , is abrasive tool compared with the general prominent feature .
Abrasives their source of raw materials , zirconia flap disc natural and artificial abrasive abrasive categories. Commonly used in  machinery industry is only natural abrasive whetstone . Artificial abrasive at the basic shape and structure of distinction, there are wheel, grinding , stone, sand tile ( collectively, abrasive ) and coated abrasives five. In addition, the habits of the abrasive slurry as a class . Abrasive used  Grinding wheel china by the abrasive can be divided into ordinary abrasive abrasive and superabrasive abrasive . The former corundum and silicon carbide abrasive general , the latter made ​​of diamond and cubic boron nitride and other superhard abrasive. In addition , there are some special varieties , such as sintered corundum abrasives etc. . Ordinary abrasive abrasive is bonded abrasive solid ordinary form a certain shape and a certain intensity of abrasive. Generally abrasive , binder and pore structure, which is often called the abrasive three parts of the three elements . In abrasive abrasive cutting action from the . Binding agent is a solid form of the abrasive loose abrasive materials , inorganic and organic types. Ceramic inorganic binders , such as magnesite and sodium silicate ; organic resin , rubber and shellac . The most commonly used is a ceramic , resin and rubber binders . Holes in the ground of debris from the chip and chip effect, and can accommodate coolant helps grinding heat dissipation . In order to meet some special processing requirements, the pores can also dipped some fillers , such as sulfur and paraffin , etc., to improve the performance of the abrasive . This filler is also called the fourth abrasive elements . Said ordinary abrasive abrasive characteristics of the project are: the shape, size abrasive , grain size, hardness , organization and binding agents . Grit abrasive hardness refers to the external force , from the degree of difficulty shedding the abrasive surface , which reflects the bond abrasive grip strength . Abrasive hardness depends mainly on how much amount of binder added density and abrasive grit off easily expressed low abrasive hardness ; vice versa , which means that high hardness. Hardness level is generally divided into super- soft , soft , soft , medium, medium hard , hard and superhard grade seven , from these levels can be subdivided in a number of small magnitude. Abrasive hardness measurement method , more commonly used hand cone , mechanical cone method , Rockwell hardness measurement method and blast assay . Hardness and its dynamic modulus of elasticity abrasive has a corresponding relationship , which is conducive to the use of audio measurement abrasive method to represent the dynamic elastic modulus abrasive hardness. In grinding , the high if they are grinding the workpiece material hardness , generally used in low hardness abrasive ; contrary, the use of high hardness abrasive. Coarse abrasive organization into tight , medium and loose categories. And number of each class can be further subdivided , with the organization number to distinguish. Abrasives organization number the greater the share of abrasive in the abrasive volume fraction is smaller, wider gap between the abrasive , the more loose tissue. Conversely , the smaller the organization , said more tightly No. organization . Loose abrasive organization is not easy when you use passive , less heat during the grinding process , the workpiece can reduce heat deformation and burns. Tight organization of abrasive grains not falling, help keep grinding geometry. Abrasives be organized only in the manufacture of abrasive formula by control , generally do not make the determination . Superabrasive abrasive primarily by diamond, cubic boron nitride and binding agent to form a solid abrasive . Because of diamond, cubic boron nitride high price , with good abrasion resistance , they are made ​​with ordinary abrasive abrasive abrasive different , except for super abrasive layer , as well as the transition layer and the substrate . Superabrasive layer is a part of the cutting action , the super abrasive grains and a binder composition . Base support care role is played in the grinding of metal, bakelite or ceramic materials. For connecting the substrate and the buffer layer superhard abrasive layer comprising a binder and, sometimes, may be omitted . The binding agents are used resin, metal, plated metal , and ceramics.